Oncology Certified Nurse (OCN) Nursing Practice Test

What is a major toxicity associated with cisplatin?

1. Cardiotoxicity

2. Nephrotoxicity

3. Neurotoxicity

4. Myelosuppression

The correct answer is: Nephrotoxicity

Cisplatin is a widely used platinum-based chemotherapy agent that is particularly effective against various solid tumors. A major concern when administering cisplatin is its association with nephrotoxicity, which is characterized by damage to the kidneys. This toxicity arises because cisplatin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, leading to the accumulation of the drug within renal tissues. The resulting oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to acute kidney injury, which may manifest as elevated serum creatinine levels and electrolyte imbalances. Preventative strategies, such as hydration and the use of diuretics, can mitigate the risk of nephrotoxicity when administering cisplatin. Ongoing monitoring of renal function is essential in patients receiving this drug to ensure timely intervention if nephrotoxic effects occur. Understanding this significant adverse effect is crucial for oncology nurses, as they play a critical role in patient education and management during chemotherapy.