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What is the function of a tumor suppressor gene?
Promotes cell division
Stops, inhibits, or suppresses cell division
Regulates normal cell differentiation
Increases abnormal cell proliferation
The correct answer is: Stops, inhibits, or suppresses cell division
A tumor suppressor gene plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, particularly by stopping, inhibiting, or suppressing cell division. These genes produce proteins that help control the growth and division of cells, ensuring that they do not proliferate uncontrollably. When tumor suppressor genes function properly, they act as a safeguard against excessive cell division and the formation of tumors. Their primary function is to maintain genomic stability and prevent the occurrence of cancer by signaling cells to repair DNA damage or undergo apoptosis if their damage is irreparable. Mutations or loss of function in tumor suppressor genes can lead to unchecked cellular proliferation and contribute to the development of cancer. Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of tumor suppressor genes in cancer biology and their role in tumor prevention.